African
African penguin also known as the Cape penguin or South African penguin, is a species of penguin confined to southern African waters. Like all extant penguins, it is flightless, with a streamlined body and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat. The peak of the breeding season in Namibia (November to December) tends to be earlier than the peak for South Africa (March to May). African penguins usually produce one to two eggs per clutch and incubation lasts 38–41 days. Responsibility to incubate the eggs is shared equally between both sexes. Mainland colonies are located near Cape Town, South Africa. These birds live in inshore coastal waters where the temperature is 5-20o C (41-68o F). They come to land to breed, molt, and rest. The islands they inhabit are either flat and sandy with sparse to abundant vegetation or rocky with almost no vegetation. Primary predators of African penguins include sharks and fur seals. While nesting, kelp gulls, mongooses, caracal